Calculate the Molarity of Acid with Given Data

What is the molarity of the acid based on the given data?

The molarity of the acid can be calculated using the formula:

Molarity (M) = (mol of solute) / (volume of solution in liters)

Given data:

Volume of NaOH = 29.5 ml

Concentration of NaOH = 0.15 M

Volume of HNO3 = 25.0 ml

According to the reaction:

NaOH + HNO3 → NaNO3 + H2O

It takes 1 mole of NaOH to neutralize 1 mole of HNO3.

First, let's calculate the moles of NaOH:

moles of NaOH = (Volume of NaOH) x (Concentration of NaOH)

moles of NaOH = (29.5 ml) x (0.15 mol/L) = 4.425 mmol

Since NaOH and HNO3 react in a 1:1 ratio, the moles of HNO3 will be the same as the moles of NaOH used in the reaction. Therefore, the moles of HNO3 is 4.425 mmol.

Now, let's calculate the molarity of the acid (HNO3):

Molarity of HNO3 = (moles of HNO3) / (volume of HNO3 in liters)

Given that the volume of HNO3 is 25.0 ml (0.025 L),

Molarity of HNO3 = 4.425 mmol / 0.025 L = 0.177 M

Therefore, the molarity of the acid (HNO3) is 0.177 M.

Explanation:

Molarity is a measure of the concentration of a solution, defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. In this case, we are given the volume and concentration of NaOH used to neutralize the given volume of HNO3.

To determine the molarity of the acid (HNO3), we first calculate the moles of NaOH used in the reaction. This is done by multiplying the volume of NaOH by its concentration. Since NaOH and HNO3 react in a 1:1 ratio, the moles of NaOH used are equal to the moles of HNO3 present in the reaction.

With the moles of HNO3 known, we can then calculate the molarity of the acid by dividing the moles of HNO3 by the volume of HNO3 in liters. This calculation gives us the molarity of the acid, which is 0.177 M in this case.

Therefore, based on the given data and the calculations performed, the molarity of the acid (HNO3) is 0.177 M.