Exploring the Formation of the Solar System

A Nebular Cloud of Dust and Gas:

The formation of all celestial bodies in the solar system, including planets, moons, asteroids, and comets, is believed to have started with a large cloud of dust and gas known as a nebular cloud. This cloud was composed of various elements, including hydrogen, helium, and other heavier elements.

The Formation Process:

As the nebular cloud began to collapse due to gravity, it started to spin and flatten into a disk shape. At the center of this disk, a protostar, or baby star, began to form. As the protostar grew in size and temperature, nuclear fusion reactions ignited within its core, causing it to shine brightly.

Planetary Formation:

Around the protostar, small particles of dust and gas started to clump together due to electrostatic forces and gravity. These particles collided and stuck together, forming larger and larger objects called planetesimals. Over time, these planetesimals continued to collide and merge, eventually forming planets, moons, and other celestial bodies.

Conclusion:

Therefore, the correct process that led to the formation of all celestial bodies in the solar system is the initial collapse of a nebular cloud of dust and gas, followed by the formation of a protostar, and ultimately the accretion of planetesimals to form planets and other objects.