Group Development Process Elements

The group development process involves several steps that aid in the formation, operation, and maintenance of a group. These steps typically include anticipation or forming, brainstorming or storming, emergence or norming, and reinforcement or performing.

In this context, the correct answer would be the option that is not an element of the group development process. Hence, the answer is: all of the following except 'anticipation' are elements of the group development process. Anticipation is not a formalized stage in the group development process. Instead, it might be an aspect of the 'forming' stage, where members have expectations about the group's purpose, aim, and their role within it. 'Brainstorming' could be considered a part of the storming stage where members exchange ideas and confrontations may occur. 'Emergence' corresponds to the 'norming' stage where group norms and roles are established. Finally, 'reinforcement' could be likened to the 'performing' stage where the group works efficiently towards its goals.